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Introne attributes peoples individual susceptibility to false information to their belief systems and tribalism a state where the identity of the group becomes more important than the identity of the individual. Practice Improves the Potential for Future Plasticity, How Financial Infidelity Can Affect Your Gray Divorce, How to Change People's Minds: The Art of Debunking, http://www.skepticalscience.com/docs/Debunking_Handbook.pdf, "What's With Millennials?" 3, 2020). As shown in Figure 4, the percentage saying they had a great deal or fair amount of trust dropped from 53 percent in 1997 to 32 percent in 2016.7, Between news coverage they dont like and fake news that is manipulative in nature, many Americans question the accuracy of their news. Carnegie, D. (1936). 6, 1980). 20042006 Three ways negative news engages cognitive biases, trapping us in negativity. 3) Governments should avoid censoring content and making online platforms liable for misinformation. It is difficult in today's society since one piece of fake news may affect the entire impact of a story and change a person's viewpoint depending on the scenario. Respect. That pattern also holds in other countries. Unethical behavior is defined as failing to meet a high moral standard: Immoral and unethical business practices unlawful and unethical business practices immoral and unethical conduct. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 10371049; McGuire, W. J. Human beings are natural storytellers; judging from the dramatic scenes found in cave paintings in France that date 30,000 years back, its safe to assume that narratives have been an essential part of human life for thousands of years. 1) Funding efforts to enhance news literacy should be a high priority for governments. That is, in todays world, it can be argued that we have a surplus of information (Dwyer, 2017). Controlling the spread of misinformation. Even in the best of all possible worlds, correcting misinformation is not an easy task.. Even though you accept the refuting evidence, the misinformation is still remembered and can implicitly affect your thinking in related contexts. When fake headlines are repeated, people believe them more. Early data indicate that older adultswho are more affected by COVID-19are sharing more news in general about the virus, including fake news (The State of the Nation: A 50-State COVID-19 Survey, Report #18, October 2020), but they may be less likely to believe it (Royal Society Open Science, Vol. Financial support for ScienceDaily comes from advertisements and referral programs, where indicated. Darrell M. West and Beth Stone, Nudging News Producers and Consumers Toward More Thoughtful, Less Polarized Discourse, Brookings Institution Center for Effective Public Management, February, 2014. Note: Content may be edited for style and length. Concentrate on your bosss best interests. New research suggests there may be an association. But what makes it problematic now more so than ever is its abundance and the fact that people keep falling for it. This allowed him to integrate text and analysis, and identify stories that rely on false information. Across five experiments, Effron and Raj asked online survey participants to rate how unethical or acceptable they thought it would be to publish a fake headline, and how likely they would be to "like," share, and block or unfollow the person who posted it.