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J. Huazhong Univ. Regardless, it seems reasonable that antiviral therapy might be adopted to patients with high risk factors as early as possible rather than wait for severe manifestation of the disease. Epub 2020 Jun 20. medRxiv. doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5, Xu, Y.-H., Dong, J.-H., An, W.-M., Lv, X.-Y., Yin, X.-P., Zhang, J.-Z., et al. Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Mechanism of Qingfei Paidu Decoction and Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): In Silico and Experimental Study. N. Engl. doi:10.1073/pnas.1216382110, Staub, N. C. (1974). COVID-19 vaccination may cause acute IPF exacerbation - Healio (2015). The -Agonist Lung Injury Trial (Balti). doi:10.1152/ajplung.00376.2005, Li, C., Wang, P., Li, M., Zheng, R., Chen, S., Liu, S., et al. However, as we discussed above, the inhibition of ENaC can also induce pulmonary edema and further studies are required to determine the potential use of ENaC inhibitors for COVID-19 treatment. Physiol. The expression of AQP-5 is regulated by inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-, elevated in the plasma of critical COVID-19 patients (Hui and Zumla, 2019). Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Pulmonary Chemical Injuries and as Countermeasure Targets. Circulation 96 (6), 18471852. (Imai et al., 2007; Zhang and Baker, 2017). (2020). COVID-19 patients often have pathological features such as pulmonary interstitial or alveolar edema, diffuse tracheal phlegm thrombus and pulmonary inflammatory lymphoid infiltration, and are prone to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), causing lung injury (Cutts et al., 2017). doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.017, Xu, Z., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, L., Zhang, C., et al. Rhinovirus Upregulates Transient Receptor Potential Channels in a Human Neuronal Cell Line: Implications for Respiratory Virus-Induced Cough Reflex Sensitivity. J. Med. When to. Jiangsu Qing Lan Project for Young Academic Leaders of China. Bradykinin (BK) is an important cellular mediator that causes vasodilatation and leaky blood vessels, leading to vascular leakage and edema (de Maat et al., 2020). Med. J. Respir. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa013183, Sayegh, R., Auerbach, S. D., Li, X., Loftus, R. W., Husted, R. F., Stokes, J. (2014). SARS-CoV-2 may act in a similar way. J. Respir. doi:10.1177/0004563220922255, Liu, Y., Huang, F., Xu, J., Yang, P., Qin, Y., Cao, M., et al. (2018). Toxin means various pathogenic microorganism and inflammatory storm presenting in infected patients, and dampness means the abnormal humoral metabolism like inflammatory exudation. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Mol. It has been shown that the incidence and severity of COVID-19 are closely related to abnormal metabolism of inorganic salts. doi:10.1152/physrev.1974.54.3.678, Steinritz, D., Stenger, B., Dietrich, A., Gudermann, T., and Popp, T. (2018). Na+/K+-ATPase and ion channels (sodium, potassium, AQPs, and TRPs) are all involved in the regulation of AFC. Transl. Symptoms that are common to all of these conditions include cough and shortness of breath. 382 (18), 17081720. N.Y. Acad. TRP Functions in the Broncho-Pulmonary System. Physiol. The site is secure. (2003). COVID-DSNet: A novel deep convolutional neural network for detection of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) cases from CT and Chest X-Ray images. Santos JLF, Zanardi P, Alo V, Dos Santos V, Bovone L, Rodriguez M, Magdaleno F, De Langhe V, Villoldo A, Martinez Souvielle R, Alconcher J, Quiros D, Milicchio C, Garcia Saiz E. J Clin Med. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.53.37834, De Logu, F., Patacchini, R., Fontana, G., and Geppetti, P. (2016). Care 21 (1), 305. doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1882-z, Zhang, H., Kang, Z., Gong, H., Xu, D., Wang, J., Li, Z., et al.