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in Samoan faaaloalo. The exact term "Holy Roman Empire" was not used until the 13th century,[38] but the Emperor's legitimacy always rested on the concept of translatio imperii, that he held supreme power inherited from the ancient emperors of Rome. The economic pinnacles achieved in Germany in the period between 1450 and 1550 would never be seen again until the end of the nineteenth century. It was during this time that the Empire gained most of its institutions, which endured until its final demise in the nineteenth century.[39][40]. Before this, cities had only existed in the form of old Roman foundations or older bishoprics. Emperor Ferdinand III formally accepted Dutch neutrality in 1653, a decision ratified by the Reichstag in 1728. Holy Roman Empire, German Heiliges Rmisches Reich, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium, the varying complex of lands in western and central Europe ruled by the Holy Roman emperor, a title held first by Frankish and then by German kings for 10 centuries. Anabaptism came in a variety of denominations, including Mennonites, Schwarzenau Brethren, Hutterites, the Amish, and multiple other groups. [177] William Thompson agrees with M.N.Pearson that this distinctively European phenomenon happened because in the Italian and Hanseatic cities which lacked resources and were "small in size and population", the rulers (whose social status was not much higher than the merchants) had to pay attention to trade. The process varied greatly among the various lands and was most advanced in those territories that were almost identical to the lands of the old Germanic tribes, e.g., Bavaria. After that, the king managed to control the appointment of dukes and often also employed bishops in administrative affairs. [95][96] They coopted a new group of nations (Slavic) into the framework of Europe, with their empire functioning, as some remark, as a "Byzantine-like presidency over a family of nations, centred on pope and emperor in Rome", has proved a lasting achievement. In 1516, Ferdinand II of Aragon, grandfather of the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, died. [203][204], In its earlier days, the Empire provided the principal medium for Christianity to infiltrate the pagans' realms in the North and the East (Scandinavians, Magyars, Slavic people etc.). When he attained sole rule after Frederick's death, he would continue this policy of brokerage, acting as the impartial judge between options suggested by the princes.[131][40]. . Corrections? At the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, most of the Holy Roman Empire was included in the German Confederation, with the main exceptions being the Italian states. Charles V was absent in Germany from 1521 to 1530. The imperial law code of 1532 was used in parts of Hungary until the mid-seventeenth century, but otherwise Hungary had its own legal system and did not import Austrian ones. One estimate based on the frontiers of Germany in 1870 gives a population of some 1517million around 1600, declined to 1013million around 1650 (following the Thirty Years' War). [228][229], Other than the imperial families, other German princes possessed foreign lands as well, and foreign rulers could also acquire imperial fiefs and thus become imperial princes. 'PAGSILANG NG TAGAPAGLIGTAS,' dokumentaryo ni Sandra Aguinaldo ngayong This group eventually developed into the college of Electors. The Holy Roman Empire was seen as a attempt to resurrect the Western Roman Empire.