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John (1374-1375) John (13661367) most likely died after the birth of his younger brother Henry, the future. John received the title "Duke of Lancaster" from his father on 13 November 1362. John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster | Biography, Family, & Facts Born the fourth son of Edward III Plantagenet and Queen Philippa of Hainault, at Ghent (or Gaunt) in Flanders. As de facto ruler during Richard's minority, he made unwise decisions on taxation that led to the Peasants' Revolt in 1381, when the rebels destroyed his home in London, the Savoy Palace. In November, he met King John I of Portugal at Ponte do Mouro on the south side of the Minho river and concluded an agreement with him to make a joint Anglo-Portuguese invasion of central Castile early in 1387. Thomas Swyneford, C marks; to Monsr Walter Blount, Monsr Chamberlain, C marks; to Monsr Hugh Shirley Cmarks; to Monsr Richard Aberbury, the sons, L marks; to Monsr William Par L marks; I will that a chauntry be founded at the New Church of our Lady of Leicester, for the soul of my late wife Dame Constance, who is there buried, and for ever to keep an obit for her soul on the 24th day of March; and as for the annuity or annual pension of forty-thousand franks, which my dear son the King of Castile and Leon is bound to me, a certain part of which is unpaid, I devise to the King one third part of what may, by his assistance, be recovered of the arrears now due. They married in 1359 at Reading Abbey as a part of the efforts of Edward III to arrange matches for his sons with wealthy heiresses. Blanche (13591388/1389), who married Sir Thomas Morieux (13551387) in 1381 and had no children. At a time when English forces encountered setbacks in the Hundred Years' War against France, and Edward III's rule was becoming unpopular due to high taxation and his affair with Alice Perrers, political opinion closely associated the Duke of Lancaster with the failing government of the 1370s. The House of Beaufort adopted various heraldic or quasi-heraldic symbols, badges or cognisances. However, he did not immediately return to the province, but remained in England and mainly ruled through seneschals as an absentee duke. He was buried in the Collegiate Church of the Annunciation of Our Lady of The Newarke, Leicester (the church founded by his grandfather Henry, Duke of Lancaster. John inherited the rest of the Lancaster property when Blanche's sister Maud, Countess of Leicester (married to William V, Count of Hainaut), died without issue on 10 April 1362. Although he fought in the Battle of Njera (1367), for example, his later military projects proved unsuccessful. He also became the 14th Baron of Halton and 11th Lord of Bowland. FamousKin.com About Me John received the title "Duke of Lancaster" from his father on 13 November 1362. He also succeeded in forcing the Commons to agree to the imposition of the first poll tax in English historya viciously regressive measure that bore hardest on the poorest members of society. His birthplace, Ghent in Flanders, then known in English as Gaunt, was the origin of his name. This page was last edited on 13 April 2023, at 16:49. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Dates: 1354 - March 24, 1394. This lesson explores the life and family tree of John of Gaunt, first Duke of Lancaster. Privacy Policy | ContactMe 2010-2023 FamousKin.com. The fact that he became identified with the attempts to make peace added to his unpopularity at a period when the majority of Englishmen believed victory would be in their grasp if only the French could be defeated decisively as they had been in the 1350s.